Secondo on macOS Big Sur (11.0): Installation Instructions

To be able to compile the Secondo database system, some tools and libraries must be installed. This document describes how to install all required tools.

Prerequisite

Since macOS 10.15, macOS uses 'zsh' as the default shell. SECONDO uses some functions that are only available in the 'BASH' shell. Using zsh with Secondo can lead to some problems. Therefore, we recommend using the BASH as the default shell for the user that should work with SECONDO. The default shell can be set via command line by calling 'chsh -s /bin/bash' and re-login. As an alternative, the shell can be set in the system preferences under 'Users and Groups' → press the Ctrl key and click your user name → select 'Advanced Options' → 'Login Shell' → '/bin/bash' and re-login.

Fresh Installation

Step 1: Installing xcode command line tools

open a terminal
enter the following line:
gcc --version

If the xcode tools are already present, the gcc's version is printed out. Otherwise a window pops up. Just click on install.

Step 2: Installing Java-SDK

open a terminal or use the one of the xcode installation
enter the following line
javac -version

If the Java SDK is already installed, the java compiler's version is displayed. Otherwise a browser is opened showing Oracle's Java download page. Accept the licence, download the latest SDK for Max-OS and install it.

Step 3: Installing the Berkeley DB

Secondo uses the Berkeley-DB as a storage manager. Thus, an installation of this tool is required. Because of licensing issues, this library cannot be distributed together with Secondo.

open a browser and navigate to the Berkeley-DB download page
download the db...tar.gz file of the latest Berkeley-DB version
this requires an Oracle account
if you don't have such account, just create it. it's for free
open a terminal and navigate to the folder containing the db....tar.gz archive
enter the following commands
(for other versions of the Berkeley-DB, just change the names in the first two commands):
tar -xzf db-18.1.40.tar.gz
cd db-18.1.40
cd build_unix
../dist/configure --prefix=$HOME/BDB --enable-cxx
make
mkdir $HOME/BDB
make install

Step 4: Installing SWI-Prolog

open a browser and go to the home of SWI-Prolog
click on Download → Swi-Prolog
click on Stable release. The SDK is tested with Prolog 8.2.2. Prolog 8.2.3 is not supported because of an issue in this version. Prolog 8.2.4 should work again.
click on the MacOSX version to download the dmg file
open Finder, go to Downloads and double click on this dmg file
some time later, a SWI-Prolog icon is shown together with the application folder
drag the SWI-Prolog icon into the application folder
open SWI-Prolog at least one time to ensure it can be opened

Step 5: Install further tools and set environments variables

open a terminal and navigate into a directory of your choice
download the required tools for Big Sur
cd ~/Downloads
curl -L http://newton2.fernuni-hagen.de/secondo/download/SDK_OSX_BIGSUR.tar.gz --output SDK_OSX_BIGSUR.tar.gz
unpack the downloaded file
tar -xzf SDK_OSX_BIGSUR.tar.gz
change the directory
cd SDK_Bigsur
run the installation script
./Install_On_Bigsur.sh
if applicable change your .profile file according to the instructions printed out during the installation process

Step 6: Compiling Secondo

open a terminal and navigate into the Secondo directory
cd $HOME/secondo
compile Secondo
make
Start Secondo according to the Secondo's User Manual

Note: Some algebras of SECONDO are using further dependencies. We recommend installing the Homebrew package manager for OS X. Using the package manager, these dependencies can be easily installed (e.g., brew install gmp or brew install libjpeg).

Upgrade

Please ensure that you have installed at least Xcode 12.2 and the Xcode 12.2 command line tools are active (see Xcode → Preferences → Locations → Command Line Tools).

To upgrade from a previous OS X / SDK version, please execute:

mv ${SECONDO_SDK} ${SECONDO_SDK}.old
Step 5 from the installation processs

If you have upgraded your Prolog Installation, please execute the following commands:

JPL=$(find /Applications -name "libjpl.dylib")
PL=$(find /Applications -name "libswipl.dylib")
SWIPLDIR=$(dirname $PL)
install_name_tool -add_rpath $SWIPLDIR $JPL

In your Secondo source directory please execute:

make clean
make

That is all, your Secondo SDK is successfully upgraded.